口服营养补充对胃癌根治术后存在营养风险的老年出院患者影响的前瞻性研究

奚秋磊, 王歆艺, 谈善军, 张知格, 吴国豪

  1. 1.复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科胃肠外科,上海 200032
    2.复旦大学附属中山医院临床营养科,上海 200032
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-01 修回日期:2025-09-17 出版日期:2025-10-30 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通信作者: 吴国豪
  • 作者简介:奚秋磊(ORCID: 0009-0007-6329-528X),博士,复旦大学附属中山医院普外科主治医师。
    王歆艺(ORCID: 0009-0004-4738-3894),学士,复旦大学附属中山医院营养技师。
    吴国豪,复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科主任医师、教授、博士研究生导师。现任复旦大学外科学系主任,上海市临床营养研究中心主任等。长期从事普通外科工作,专长于临床营养的理论研究及临床实践,在临床营养规范化实施、外科及危重症营养支持、肿瘤恶病质防治的临床和基础研究方面取得丰硕成果。先后牵头编撰了6部临床营养指南和专家共识,主编9本临床营养专著,承担国家“211工程”外科重点项目临床营养部分、国家“863”攻关项目子课题、国家自然科学基金、教育部项目、上海市科委课题等20余项科研项目,在Gastroenterology、Annals of Surgery、Nature Communications、Clinical Nutrition、Molecular Therapy、Cell Reports、Cell Discovery等期刊发表论文200余篇。

摘要/Abstract

摘要:

背景与目的:营养不良和营养状况恶化在胃癌术后患者中较为常见,老年患者尤甚,严重影响患者的预后。研究显示,口服营养补充(oral nutritional supplements,ONS)可改善存在营养风险的胃癌术后出院患者的营养状况、改善患者的临床结局。本研究通过对前期随机对照临床试验中接受胃癌根治术的老年出院患者进行分析,探讨ONS对存在营养风险的老年胃癌术后出院患者的影响。方法:选取2017年1月—2018年12月在复旦大学附属中山医院就诊,存在营养风险并行接受胃癌根治术的出院患者,根据纳入和排除标准分为ONS组和对照组。对照组出院后3个月接受饮食建议,ONS组出院后3个月在饮食建议基础上联合ONS。出院后3个月比较两组患者的体重、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、血红蛋白、血浆白蛋白及化疗耐受性。本研究的病例资料基于前期的1项随机对照临床试验(ChiCTR2000029708),获复旦大学附属中山医院伦理委员会批准(B2019-257R2)。结果:最终筛选出125例符合入组条件的患者,其中ONS组69例,对照组56例。通过3个月干预,两组患者体重、BMI、血红蛋白和血浆白蛋白水平差异均无统计学意义。然而,相比于对照组,ONS组在干预期间体重变化的下降幅度显著更小[(2.50±1.60)kg vs(4.24±1.80)kg,P<0.05]。相比于对照组,ONS组患者的化疗耐受性得到显著改善,总体化疗改变率下降(15.9% vs 41.1%,P=0.002),且化疗延迟,药物剂量减少及停止化疗的患者均少于对照组。多因素分析显示,体重、血浆白蛋白、血红蛋白、NRS2002、BMI对化疗正常进行的影响均不显著(P>0.05);只有ONS是显著的保护性因素,可显著降低化疗改变的发生风险(OR=0.227,P=0.001)。结论:ONS有助于提高老年胃癌术后出院患者的化疗耐受性并在一定程度上改善患者营养结局。对于存在营养风险的老年胃癌术后患者,出院后给予营养干预对改善患者的临床结局有积极意义。

关键词: 胃癌, 口服营养补充, 老年, 出院患者, 化疗耐受性

Abstract:

Background and purpose: Malnutrition and deterioration of nutritional status are common in patients after surgery for gastric cancer, especially in the elderly, and severely affect patient prognosis. Studies have shown that oral nutritional supplements (ONS) can improve the nutritional status and clinical outcomes of patients after surgery for gastric cancer with nutritional risk. This study analyzed elderly patients who underwent radical surgery for gastric cancer in a previous randomized controlled trial to explore the impact of ONS on elderly patients after surgery for gastric cancer with nutritional risk. Methods: Patients discharged after gastric cancer radical surgery with nutritional risk who received treatment at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected. The control group received dietary advice three months after discharge, while the ONS group received dietary advice combined with ONS three months after discharge. The weight, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, plasma albumin, and chemotherapy tolerance of the two groups were compared three months after discharge. The data for this study was based on a previous randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2000029708) which had received ethical approval. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (B2019-257R2). Results: A total of 125 patients who met the inclusion criteria were finally selected, including 69 in the ONS group and 56 in the control group. After 3 months of intervention, there were no significant differences in weight, BMI, hemoglobin, and plasma albumin levels between the two groups. However, the ONS group showed a significantly smaller decrease in weight change during the intervention period compared to the control group [(2.50±1.60)kg vs (4.24±1.80)kg, P<0.05]. The chemotherapy tolerance of the ONS group was significantly improved compared to the control group, with a decrease in the overall chemotherapy change rate (15.9% vs 41.1%, P=0.002), and fewer patients in the ONS group experienced chemotherapy delays, reduced drug dosages, and discontinuation of chemotherapy than those in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that body weight, plasma albumin, hemoglobin, NRS2002, and BMI had no significant effect on the normal course of chemotherapy (P>0.05); only ONS was a significant protective factor, significantly reducing the risk of chemotherapy modification (OR=0.227, P=0.001). Conclusion: ONS helps improve the chemotherapy tolerance of elderly postoperative gastric cancer patients and to some extent enhances their nutritional outcomes. For elderly postoperative gastric cancer patients with nutritional risk, nutritional intervention after discharge has a positive impact on improving clinical outcomes.

Key words: Gastric cancer, Oral nutritional supplements, Elderly, Discharged patients, Chemotherapy tolerance

中图分类号: 

相关文章

[1] 郭晓玉, 曲秀娟. 胃癌领域抗肿瘤药物相关间质性肺病/肺炎的研究进展及展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025, 35(9): 874-883.
[2] 陈战伟, 吴瑶强, 王彦平, 张德健, 于福翔. 浆细胞样树突状细胞与进展期胃癌淋巴结转移的相关性研究[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025, 35(8): 792-798.
[3] 杜可为, 张尚弟, 胡文飞, 高山, 甘建新, 尤崇革. 基于血清蛋白质组学的TAGLN2、CTSD等5种早期胃癌生物标志物的发现及初步验证[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025, 35(6): 543-554.
[4] 彭东阁, 万子叶, 卢宁. 人工智能在胃癌诊疗和患者预后预测中的应用现状及未来展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025, 35(5): 496-504.
[5] 蓝煜, 王风华. 2024晚期胃癌诊疗指南更新对比与梳理:CSCO、NCCN和ESMO[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025, 35(2): 219-227.
[6] 刘帅, 张凯, 张晓青, 栾巍. 派安普利单抗联合安罗替尼和化疗围手术期治疗局部进展期胃癌的探索性研究[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(7): 659-668.
[7] 汪斐, 刘佩, 胡楠. 贝伐珠单抗辅助PD-1抑制剂治疗胃癌对血清miR-20a-5p和miR-515-3p的影响研究[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(5): 493-500.
[8] 上海市抗癌协会胃癌专业委员会, 中国人体健康科技促进会胃肠肿瘤专业委员会. 侵犯邻近脏器的进展期胃癌的临床诊疗中国专家共识(2024年版)[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(5): 517-526.
[9] 许永虎, 徐大志. 21世纪以来胃癌治疗进展及未来展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(3): 239-249.
[10] 汪学非, 周鹏, 唐兆庆. 胃癌外科治疗的新进展及发展趋势[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(3): 250-258.
[11] 薛驰, 高鹏, 朱志, 王振宁. 免疫治疗在胃癌的围手术期及转化治疗中的应用和挑战[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(3): 259-267.
[12] 沈洁, 王江立, 王泽洲, 莫淼, 周昌明, 袁晶, 徐大志, 郑莹. 以大型单中心医院登记为基础的6 737例接受手术切除的胃癌患者的生存报告[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(3): 268-277.
[13] 李晶, 郑磊, 高钰. 曲妥珠单抗辅助改良DOF双周方案对顺铂耐药的胃癌患者血清肿瘤标志物及生存率的影响分析[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(3): 286-292.
[14] 冯惠枝, 柳婧美, 卜晓倩. 帕博利珠单抗联合XELOX方案治疗晚期胃癌的回顾性研究[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024, 34(11): 1028-1035.
[15] 孙洋, 王炼, 赵萌, 张小凤, 耿志军, 王月月, 宋雪, 左芦根, 李静, 胡建国. 胃癌中FKBP1A高表达的预后价值及其靶向PI3K/AKT对糖代谢的调控作用[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2023, 33(8): 726-739.